{"id":793,"date":"2026-01-19T10:51:55","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T10:51:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/?post_type=avada_portfolio&#038;p=793"},"modified":"2026-01-19T10:51:55","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T10:51:55","slug":"supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation","status":"publish","type":"avada_portfolio","link":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/","title":{"rendered":"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"fusion-fullwidth fullwidth-box fusion-builder-row-1 fusion-flex-container nonhundred-percent-fullwidth non-hundred-percent-height-scrolling\" style=\"--awb-border-radius-top-left:0px;--awb-border-radius-top-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-right:0px;--awb-border-radius-bottom-left:0px;--awb-flex-wrap:wrap;\" ><div class=\"fusion-builder-row fusion-row fusion-flex-align-items-flex-start fusion-flex-content-wrap\" style=\"max-width:1248px;margin-left: calc(-4% \/ 2 );margin-right: calc(-4% \/ 2 );\"><div class=\"fusion-layout-column fusion_builder_column fusion-builder-column-0 fusion_builder_column_1_1 1_1 fusion-flex-column\" style=\"--awb-bg-blend:overlay;--awb-bg-size:cover;--awb-width-large:100%;--awb-margin-top-large:0px;--awb-spacing-right-large:1.92%;--awb-margin-bottom-large:0px;--awb-spacing-left-large:1.92%;--awb-width-medium:100%;--awb-spacing-right-medium:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-medium:1.92%;--awb-width-small:100%;--awb-spacing-right-small:1.92%;--awb-spacing-left-small:1.92%;\"><div class=\"fusion-column-wrapper fusion-flex-justify-content-flex-start fusion-content-layout-column\"><div class=\"fusion-text fusion-text-1\"><p><strong>Title<\/strong>: Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation<\/p>\n<p><strong>Abstract<\/strong>: Abstract Air traffic control (ATC) relies on both human operators and automation to ensure safety and efficiency. As air traffic grows, automation is increasingly adopted. However, fully automating airport ground operations, aircraft movement between parking areas and runways, remains unfeasible due to the unpredictability of ground traffic, including aircraft delays, sick passengers or weather disruptions. In this paper, we investigate strategies to support dynamic levels of automation, introducing interfaces that enhance supervision through a domain specific graphical language and explicit automation level representations. We also introduce automation- and human-generated cross-checks to monitor critical situations and propose interaction concepts to adjust the level of automation. We conclude with future directions for enabling human operators\u2019 interventions with high levels of automation and implications for Human-AI teaming in ATC.<\/p>\n<p>Click below to download it!<\/p>\n<\/div><div ><a class=\"fusion-button button-flat button-xlarge button-default fusion-button-default button-1 fusion-button-default-span fusion-button-default-type\" style=\"--button-border-radius-top-left:30px;--button-border-radius-top-right:30px;--button-border-radius-bottom-right:30px;--button-border-radius-bottom-left:30px;\" target=\"_self\" href=\"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/?sdm_process_download=1&amp;download_id=790\"><span class=\"fusion-button-text awb-button__text awb-button__text--default\">Download the paper<\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":794,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"portfolio_category":[4],"portfolio_skills":[],"portfolio_tags":[],"class_list":["post-793","avada_portfolio","type-avada_portfolio","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","portfolio_category-scientific-publication"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.9 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation - ASTAIR<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_GB\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation - ASTAIR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"ASTAIR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/17\/2026\/01\/XP25.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"2480\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1500\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Estimated reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"1 minute\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/\",\"name\":\"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation - ASTAIR\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/17\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/XP25.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-01-19T10:51:55+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/17\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/XP25.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/sites\\\/17\\\/2026\\\/01\\\/XP25.png\",\"width\":2480,\"height\":1500},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Portfolio\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/portfolio-items\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/\",\"name\":\"ASTAIR\",\"description\":\"\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/research.dblue.it\\\/astair\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-GB\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation - ASTAIR","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/","og_locale":"en_GB","og_type":"article","og_title":"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation - ASTAIR","og_url":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/","og_site_name":"ASTAIR","og_image":[{"width":2480,"height":1500,"url":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/17\/2026\/01\/XP25.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Estimated reading time":"1 minute"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/","url":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/","name":"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation - ASTAIR","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/17\/2026\/01\/XP25.png","datePublished":"2026-01-19T10:51:55+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-GB","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-GB","@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/17\/2026\/01\/XP25.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/17\/2026\/01\/XP25.png","width":2480,"height":1500},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/supporting-adaptive-supervision-and-control-of-airport-ground-operation\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Portfolio","item":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/portfolio-items\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/#website","url":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/","name":"ASTAIR","description":"","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-GB"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/793","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/avada_portfolio"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/13"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=793"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/793\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":796,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/avada_portfolio\/793\/revisions\/796"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/794"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=793"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"portfolio_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_category?post=793"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_skills","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_skills?post=793"},{"taxonomy":"portfolio_tags","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/research.dblue.it\/astair\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/portfolio_tags?post=793"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}