This document presents the results of the final validation activity, as part of the third validation exercise, carried out in the ASTAIR project. The ASTAIR concept aims to support the automation of airport ground operations, particularly engine-off taxiing, by integrating adaptive algorithms and tools that foster effective human-machine collaboration. This report details the assessment of the ASTAIR solution through a Human-in-the-Loop Real-Time Simulation (HITL RTS), supported by Fast-Time Simulations (FTS) and a Final Workshop involving operational stakeholders. The exercise explored the system’s usability, operational feasibility, impact on controller workload, and contribution to safety, predictability. The evaluation examined how human operators interacted with the system in realistic airport scenarios, including non-nominal situations, and considered the clarity of AI-driven decisions, the ability for human intervention, and the alignment with existing procedures. This report reflects the final step in the ASTAIR exploratory research and confirms whether the concept satisfies the criteria to reach TRL1, building on the foundations set out in the Exploratory Research Plan. The validation outcomes confirm the feasibility of the basic principles, while identifying areas requiring further development to support progression towards higher maturity levels.

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