Title: Supporting Adaptive Supervision and Control of Airport Ground Operation

Abstract: Abstract Air traffic control (ATC) relies on both human operators and automation to ensure safety and efficiency. As air traffic grows, automation is increasingly adopted. However, fully automating airport ground operations, aircraft movement between parking areas and runways, remains unfeasible due to the unpredictability of ground traffic, including aircraft delays, sick passengers or weather disruptions. In this paper, we investigate strategies to support dynamic levels of automation, introducing interfaces that enhance supervision through a domain specific graphical language and explicit automation level representations. We also introduce automation- and human-generated cross-checks to monitor critical situations and propose interaction concepts to adjust the level of automation. We conclude with future directions for enabling human operators’ interventions with high levels of automation and implications for Human-AI teaming in ATC.

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